Who Pays for “Messiah”? - Freakonomics Radio Recap
Podcast: Freakonomics Radio
Published: 2025-12-17
Duration: 42 min
Summary
In this bonus episode, Stephen Dubner explores the significance of performances of Handel's Messiah and the role of sponsorship in the arts through an engaging conversation with Gary W. Parr, a prominent figure in philanthropy and the arts.
What Happened
Stephen Dubner introduces a bonus episode in the middle of a three-part series on Handel's Messiah, motivated by his admiration for the music and his curiosity about Gary W. Parr, who presents the New York Philharmonic's performances of the piece. Dubner reveals that Parr, previously the chairman of the Philharmonic, is deeply involved in philanthropy, particularly in education and the arts, and discusses the implications of continuing to perform classic works like the Messiah.
During their conversation, Parr reflects on the financial struggles orchestras face, highlighting that ticket sales only account for about 30 to 35 percent of an orchestra's total budget. He expresses the importance of individual philanthropy in sustaining these art forms, noting that many orchestras have had to navigate financial difficulties, including bankruptcy. The dialogue also touches on Parr's personal journey in music appreciation, from early memories of listening to classical music to his eventual involvement in supporting the arts and education, underscoring the transformative power of engaging with different art forms.
Key Insights
- Gary Parr emphasizes the vital role of individual philanthropy in supporting orchestras and the arts.
- Continuing the tradition of performing Handel's Messiah raises questions about its relevance and funding.
- Parr highlights the educational benefits of engaging with the arts, stressing the importance of great teachers.
- The financial model of orchestras is heavily reliant on donations, with ticket sales covering only a small portion of operating costs.
Key Questions Answered
Who is Gary W. Parr and what is his role in the arts?
Gary Parr is a senior managing director at Apollo Global Management and has been involved in various philanthropic activities focused on education and the arts. He previously served as the chairman of the New York Philharmonic, where he played a key role in supporting the orchestra's operations and initiatives.
What are the financial challenges faced by orchestras?
Orchestras often struggle financially, as they rely significantly on individual philanthropy. According to Parr, ticket sales account for only 30 to 35 percent of an orchestra's total operating costs, making fundraising a critical aspect of their sustainability. The lack of substantial government support further complicates these financial dynamics.
How does education relate to the arts according to Gary Parr?
Parr believes that education about the arts cultivates a more balanced and cultured perspective in individuals. He emphasizes that exposure to various art forms helps foster a deeper understanding of different cultures. His own experience with a great teacher in high school significantly shaped his appreciation for literature and leadership.
What does Gary Parr hope to achieve with the PAR Prize for Excellence in Teaching Shakespeare?
The PAR Prize aims to recognize and celebrate outstanding teachers of Shakespeare, highlighting the importance of quality teaching in literature. Parr initiated this prize to make a statement about the value of teaching Shakespeare and to ensure that great educators receive the acknowledgment they deserve.
What insights does Gary Parr offer about the relevance of performing classic works like Messiah?
Parr suggests that just because a performance has been a tradition does not automatically justify its continuation. He acknowledges the long history of performing Handel's Messiah but encourages a reflective approach to whether such performances still resonate with contemporary audiences and whether they are financially viable.